Endocrine Abstracts

The Melanocortin 2 Receptor (MC2R) is best known for its role in the adrenal cortex where it couples the action of ACTH to steroidogenesis, however it is also expressed by the adipocyte. We set out to characterize the up-regulation of the MC2R in the 3T3-L1 fibroblast, which can be induced to undergo adipogenesis.RT-PCR using primers specific to exons 1 and 2 amplified three bands in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes which sequencing revealed to be distin...

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Background: The Ins2+/G32S mutation in the KINGS mouse drives beta-cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The result of this is sexually dimorphic; males develop overt diabetes by 5-weeks (>16.7mM) whilst females remain normoglycemic. Previous studies have shown that high-fat feeding increases beta-cell ER stress, whilst GLP1-receptor agonists reduce this. We investigated whether altering ER stress could promote diabetes development in female KINGS mic...

Background: Obesity and subsequent insulin resistance is becoming more frequent among type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients, leading to ‘double diabetes’ and potentially increasing vascular risk. Studies in double diabetes remain limited and this population is not fully characterised.Aims: To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obese T1DM patients and analyse the effects of increasing weight on cardiovascula...

Background: Obesity and subsequent insulin resistance is becoming more frequent among type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients, leading to ‘double diabetes’ and potentially increasing vascular risk. Studies in double diabetes remain limited and this population is not fully characterised.Aims: To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obese T1DM patients and analyse the effects of increasing weight on cardiovascula...

Background: Hyponatraemia is known to be associated with significantly increased mortality in hospitalised patients. We identified the number of cases of hyponatraemia referred for an endocrine opinion in our hospital, examined the causes present, and assessed how the speed of referral to endocrinology could affect the management. Methods: Inpatient referrals were audited over a 6-month period from 1st October 2021 to 30th April 2022. Data regarding the ...

Thyrotoxicosis is a relatively common condition affecting 1–2% of women and 0.1–0.2% of men. Common symptoms are usually straightforward and easily identified. Rarer presenting features such as confusion and headache have been published in the literature as case reports. We hereby report two cases of Graves Thyrotoxicosis presenting unusually and therefore misleading the initial diagnostic pathway. The first case is a 45-year-old female with a 4-day history of headac...

We describe the case of a 32-year-old lady Polish lady, who presented to the surgical team at Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust in July 2012 with abdominal pain and vomiting. The previous year she had undergone a private ‘banded bypass’ operation in Poland resulting in 60 kg weight loss. On admission she was diagnosed with a slipped gastric band, to be confirmed by laparoscopy. Surprisingly the ‘band’ was in fact a length of surgical drain sutured to the m...

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is common in female patients of reproductive age and generally has a good prognosis and so many patients may become pregnant following treatment. Progression of DTC during pregnancy has been reported and may relate to thyroid stimulation by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Until recently suppression of thyrotropin (TSH) by supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine was indicated for all patients following thyroidectomy and radioiodine abla...

Background: Germline mutations of the AIP tumour suppressor gene are associated with familial and sporadic pituitary adenomas, yet the tumorigenic mechanisms remain unclear. In addition, AIP protein expression in somatotroph adenomas from patients without AIP mutations correlates with clinical behaviour and somatostatin analogues responsiveness. Understanding the regulation of AIP gene expression will help uncover its pituitary tumour-suppressor role.Aim...